Surgery, radiation or chemotherapy to treat tumors also can affect male fertility. Cancers and nonmalignant tumors can affect the male reproductive organs directly, through the glands that release hormones related to reproduction, such as the pituitary gland, or through unknown causes. Anti-sperm antibodies are immune system cells that mistakenly identify sperm as harmful invaders and attempt to destroy them. In most cases of permanent ejaculation problems, sperm can still be retrieved directly from the testicles. Some ejaculatory problems can be reversed, while others are permanent. Various health conditions can cause retrograde ejaculation or lack of ejaculation, including diabetes, spinal injuries, and surgery of the bladder, prostate or urethra.Ĭertain medications also might result in ejaculatory problems, such as blood pressure medications known as alpha blockers. Retrograde ejaculation occurs when semen enters the bladder during orgasm instead of emerging out of the tip of the penis. Although some infections can result in permanent testicular damage, most often sperm can still be retrieved.Įjaculation problems. These include inflammation of the epididymis (epididymitis) or testicles (orchitis) and some sexually transmitted infections, including gonorrhea or HIV. Some infections can interfere with sperm production or sperm health or can cause scarring that blocks the passage of sperm. Varicoceles result in reduced quality of the sperm. Although the exact reason that varicoceles cause infertility is unknown, it might be related to abnormal testicular temperature regulation. ![]() It's the most common reversible cause of male infertility. A varicocele (VAR-ih-koe-seel) is a swelling of the veins that drain the testicle. Low sperm count can be caused by a number of health issues and medical treatments. However, often the cause of low sperm count isn't identified. Problems with any of these systems can affect sperm production.Īlso, there can be problems of abnormal sperm shape (morphology), movement (motility) or function. Once sperm are produced in the testicles, delicate tubes transport them until they mix with semen and are ejaculated out of the penis. The production of sperm is a complex process and requires normal functioning of the testicles (testes) as well as the hypothalamus and pituitary glands - organs in your brain that produce hormones that trigger sperm production. A groin, testicle, penis or scrotum surgery.A history of testicle, prostate or sexual problems. ![]()
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